Redefinindo o "aprendizado em rede" na quarta revolução industrial

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32870/Ap.v10n1.1140

Palavras-chave:

teoria educacional, pós-humanismo, teoria ator-rede, quarta revolução industrial, aprendizagem em rede

Resumo

A “quarta revolução industrial” causará uma transformação profunda nos ambientes educacionais porque incorporará as redes ciberfísicas na produção, logística e consumo de bens e serviços. A teoria educacional abordou cenários educacionais tecnologizados com categorias de análise típicas da terceira revolução industrial. Este texto argumenta que a ontologia pós-humanista e a epistemologia da teoria ator-rede podem superar as limitações conceituais que atualmente possui um dos termos mais utilizados no estudo da tecnologia educacional: “aprendizagem em rede”. Assim, a aprendizagem seria um processo que associa agências humanas e não humanas, que opera sem centro ou periferia, e cujo objetivo é garantir sua autorregulação e sua persistência, pois assim que as agências param de funcionar, a rede de aprendizagem desaparece. A aprendizagem é em si uma rede heterogênea em funcionamento. Finalmente, dois métodos de pesquisa são propostos para "aprendizagem em rede": a obtenção de dados indutivamente e a construção de categorias de análise abdutivamente. O objetivo é identificar quais elementos humanos e não humanos estão associados para provocar agências que formam redes de aprendizagem, que as fortalecem, mas que, ocasionalmente, também as destroem.

Referências

Adams, Samantha; Cummins, Michele; Davis, Adam; Freeman, Alex; Hall, Courtney; Ananthanarayanan, Vanish (2017). NMC Horizon Report: 2017 Higher Education Edition. Austin: The New Media Consortium.

Arbea, Antonio. (2002). El concepto de humanitas en el Pro Archia de Cicerón. Onomázein, vol. 7, pp. 339–400.

Baygin, Mehmet; Yetis, Hasan; Karakose, Mehmet; Akin, Erhan (2016). An Effect Analysis of Industry 4.0 to Higher Education. IEEE. Recuperado a partir de http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=7760744

Braidotti, Rosi. (2013). The Posthuman. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Bryant, Antony. (2017). Grounded Theory and Grounded Theorizing: Pragmatism in Research Practice. New York: Oxford University Press.

Carlson, Dennis. (2015). Foreword. En N. Snaza & W. Weaver (Eds.), Posthumanism and Educational Research. New York: Routledge.

Chernilo, D. (2017). Debating Humanity: Towards a Philosophical Sociology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Daemmrich, A. (2017). Invention, innovation systems, and the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Technology and Innovation, 18(202), 257–265. Recuperado a partir de http://dx.doi.org/10.21300/18.4.2017.257

DeLanda, M. (2006). A New Philosophy of Society: Assemblage Theory and Social Complexity. London: Continuum.

Devenin, Verónica; Henríquez, Guillermo. (2011). Narrativas tecnológicas: un ejemplo de aplicación de la sociología de las asociaciones. Cinta de Moebio: Revista de Epistemología de Ciencias Sociales, vol. 41, pp. 167–181. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-554X2011000200004

Devezas, Tessaleno; Leitão, João; Sarygulov, Askar. (2017). Industry 4.0: Entrepreneurship and Structural Change in the New Digital Landscape. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Dolphijn, Rick; van der Tuin, Iris. (2011). Pushing dualism to an extreme: On the philosophical impetus of a new materialism. Continental Philosophy Review, vol. 44, num. 4, pp. 383–400. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11007-011-9197-2

Dunne, Danielle; Dougherty, Deborah. (2015). Abductive Reasoning: How Innovators Navigate in the Labyrinth of Complex Product Innovation. Organization Studies, vol. 37, num. 2, pp. 131–159. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840615604501

Echeverría, Bolívar. (2006). El humanismo del existencialismo. Diánoia, vol. 51, num. 57, pp. 189–199. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-014-0173-7.2

Echeverría, Javier; González, Marta. (2009). La Teoría del Actor-Red y la tesis de la tecnociencia. ARBOR Ciencia, Pensamiento y Cultura, vol. CLXXXV, num. 738 julio-agosto, pp. 705–720. https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2009.738n1047

Escudero, Alexandro. (2016a). Aprendizaje en red: fundamentos ontoepistemológicos para su investigación. En R. Roig-Vila (Ed.), Tecnología, innovación e investigación en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, pp. 1609–1615. Barcelona: Octaedro. Recuperado a partir de http://rua.ua.es/dspace/handle/10045/61787

Escudero, Alexandro. (2016b). El proceso inductivo de investigación en los entornos personales de aprendizaje. En V. Larios, T. Guzmán, & M. T. García (Eds.), Escenarios y desafíos de la tecnología educativa, pp. 31–50. Ciudad de México: Fontamara.

Espinosa, Lorenzo. (2016). Movimientos sociales. X taller internacional 1o. de mayo. En A. Rodríguez & J. Castellanos (Eds.), Esbozo para una categoría de humanismo en las epistemologías del sur, pp. 29–44. La Habana: Instituto de Historia de Cuba-Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo.

Fenwick, Tara; Edwards, Richard. (2010). Actor-network theory in education. New York: Routledge.

Fenwick, Tara; Edwards, Richard. (2011). Introduction: Reclaiming and Renewing Actor Network Theory for Educational Research. Educational Philosophy and Theory, vol. 43, num. S1, pp. 1–13.

Fenwick, Tara; Edwards, Richard; Sawchuk, Peter. (2011). Emerging approaches to educational research. Tracing the sociomaterial. New York: Routledge.

Gibson, Barry; Hartman, Jan. (2014). Rediscovering grounded theory. Beverly Hills (California) [etc.]: Sage.

González, Sergio. (2015). Antropología y el estudio de las ontologías a principios del siglo XXI: sus problemáticas y desafíos para el análisis de la cultura. Estudios sobre las Culturas Contemporáneas, vol. XXI, num. 42, pp. 39–64.

Gros, Begoña. (2012). Retos y tendencias sobre el futuro de la investigación acerca del aprendizaje con tecnologías digitales. RED: Revista de Educación a Distancia, vol. 32, pp. 3–13.

Harman, Graham. (2009). Prince of networks: Bruno Latour and Metaphysics. Melbourne: Re-press.

Hermann, Mario; Pentek, Tobias; Otto, Boris. (2016). Design principles for industrie 4.0 scenarios: a literature review. En 49th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences Design, pp. 3928–3937. IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2016.488

Hintz, Eric. (2011). The post-heroic generation: American independent inventors, 1900–1950. Enterprise Soc, vol. 12, num. 4, pp. 732–748.

Holton, Judith; Walsh, Isabelle. (2016). Classic grounded theory: applications with qualitative and quantitative data. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications.

Hsu, Yu-Chen; Ho, Hsin Ning Jessie; Tsai, Chin-Chung; Hwang, Gwo-Jen; Chu, Hui-Chun; Wang, Chin-Yeh; Chen, Nian-Shing (2012). Research Trends in Technology-based Learning from 2000 to 2009: A content Analysis of Publications in Selected Journals. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, vol. 15, num. 2, pp. 354–370. Recuperado a partir de http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=76559251&lang=es&site=ehost-live

Hung, Jui-long. (2012). Trends of e-learning research from 2000 to 2008: Use of text mining and bibliometrics. British Journal of Educational Technology, vol. 43, num. 1, pp. 5–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.2010.01144.x

Jiménez, Javier; Bustamante, Mónica; Albornoz, María (2015). El problema del determinismo en las políticas de educación y TIC. En H. Thomas, M. Albornoz, & F. Picabea (Eds.), Políticas tecnológicas y tecnologías políticas. Dinámicas de inclusión, desarrollo e innovación en América Latina, pp. 207–240. Buenos Aires: FLACSO Ecuador/Universidad Nacional de Quilmes.

Kagermann, Henning; Wahlster, Wolfgang; Helbig, Johannes (2013). Securing the future of German manufacturing industry: Recommendations for implementing the strategic initiative Industrie 4.0: Final report of the Industrie 4.0 Working Group. Recuperado a partir de: http://www.acatech.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Baumstruktur_nach_Website/Acatech/root/de/Material_fuer_Sonderseiten/Industrie_4.0/Final_report__Industrie_4.0_accessi ble.pdf

Kakkori, Leena; Huttunen, Rauno. (2010). The Sartre-Heidegger controversy on humanism and the concept of Man in education. Educational Philosophy and Theory, vol. 43. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-5812.2010.00680.x

Knox, Jeremy. (2016). Posthumanism and the massive open online course: Contaminating the subject of global education. New York, NY: Routledge.

Latour, Bruno. (2007). Nunca fuimos modernos: ensayo de antropología simétrica. Buenos Aires: Siglo XXI.

Latour, Bruno. (2008). Reensamblar lo social: una introducción a la teoría del actor-red. Buenos Aires: Manantial.

Latour, Bruno. (2009). On Recalling ANT. En J. Law & J. Hassard (Eds.), Actor Network and After (pp. 15–25). Oxford: Blackwell.

Law, John. (2004). After Method. New York: Routledge.

Locke, Karen; Golden-Biddle, Karen; Feldman, Martha. (2008). Making doubt generative: Rethinking the role of doubt in the research process. Organization Science, vol. 19, pp. 907–918.

Lorenz, Markus; Küpper, Daniel; Rüßmann, Michael; Heidemann, Ailke; Bause, Alexandra (2016). Time to Accelerate in the Race Toward Industry 4.0. Boston: The Boston Consulting Group. Recuperado a partir de https://www.bcgperspectives.com/Images/BCG-Time-to-Accelerate-in-the-Race-Toward-Industry-4.0-May-2016_tcm80-211060.pdf

Lorenz, Markus; Rüßmann, Michael; Strack, Rainer; Lueth, Knud; Bolle, Moritz (2015). Man and Machine in Industry 4.0. Boston: The Boston Consulting Group.

MacLeod, Roy. (2016). Scientists. En J. Winter (Ed.), Cambridge history of the First World War, pp. 434–459. Cambridge University Press.

Minerva, Roberto; Biru, Abyi; Rotondi, Domenico. (2015). Towards a definition of the Internet of things. Torino.

Morita, Adelina; García, Ma.Teresa; Escudero, Alexandro. (2016). Análisis de la percepción de las competencias genéricas en instituciones de educación superior en México. Revista de Educación y Desarrollo, vol. 38, pp. 69–78. Recuperado a partir de http://www.cucs.udg.mx/revistas/edu_desarrollo/anteriores/38/38_Morita.pdf

OECD. (2017). OECD Skills strategy diagnostic report: Mexico. Paris.

Pape, Helmut. (1999). Abduction and the topology of human cognition. Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society, vol. 453, pp. 199–221. Recuperado a partir de http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/40320760

Pedersen, Helena. (2010). Is “the posthuman” educable? On the convergence of educational philosophy, animal studies, and posthumanist theory. Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, vol. 31, num. 2, pp. 237–250.

Pignuoli-Ocampo, Sergio. (2014). La posición epistemológica del constructivismo simétrico de Bruno Latour. Cinta de Moebio. Revista de Epistemología de Ciencias Sociales, vol. 52, num. marzo, pp. 91–103.

Reichertz, Jo. (2007). Abduction: the logic of discovery of Grounded Theory. En A. Bryant & K. Charmaz (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of Grounded Theory, pp. 214–228. London: Sage Publications.

Rivas, Axel; Delgado, Lucas. (2016). 50 innovaciones educativas en América Latina. Graduate XXI, un mapa del futuro. Washington, D.C. Recuperado a partir de https://publications.iadb.org/handle/11319/7595

Roland Berger S.A. (2016). España 4.0. El reto de la transformación digital de la economía. Madrid: SIEMENS. Recuperado a partir de https://w5.siemens.com/spain/web/es/estudiodigitalizacion/Documents/Estudio_Digitalizacion_Espana40_Siemens.pdf

Rose, Gideon. (2016). The Fourth Industrial Revolution: A Davos Reader. New York: Council on Foreign Relations.

Schwab, Klaus. (2015). The fourth industrial revolution: what it means, how to respond. Recuperado el 17 de marzo de 2017, a partir de https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/2015-12-12/fourth-industrial-revolution

Schwab, Klaus. (2016). The Fourth Industrial Revolution. Cologny/Geneva: World Economic Forum.

Skågeby, Jörgen; Mattias, Arvola; Rahm, Lina. (2016). Editorial: Transhumanist Politics, Education, and Design. Confero, vol. 4, num. 2, pp. 5–9. https://doi.org/10.3384/confero.2001-4562.161219

Slama, Dirk; Puhlmann, Frank; Morrish, Jim; Bhatnagar, Rishi. (2015). Enterprise IoT: Strategies and Best Practices for Connected Products and Services. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media.

Snaza, Nathan; Weaver, John. (Eds.). (2015). Posthumanism and Educational Research. New York: Routledge.

St.Pierre, Elizabeth. (2013). The posts continue: becoming. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, vol. 26, num. 6, pp. 646–657. https://doi.org/10.1080/09518398.2013.788754

Tecnalia. (2017). Tecnalia. Recuperado el 26 de marzo de 2017, a partir de http://www.tecnalia.com/es/

Thomas, Hernán; Buch, Alfonso. (2013). Actos, actores y artefactos. Sociología de la tecnología (1a. reimpr). Bernal: Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Recuperado a partir de http://www.unq.edu.ar/advf/documentos/520933c153e48.pdf

UNESCO. (2015). UNESCO Science report-towards 2030. Paris: UNESCO.

Usher, Robin & Edwards, Richard. (2005). Subjects, networks and positions: Thinking educational guidance differently. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, vol. 33, num. 3, pp. 397–410. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069880500179640

Weaver, John. (2010). The Posthuman Condition: A Complicated Conversation. En E. Malewski (Ed.), Curriculum Studies Handbook: The Next Moment, pp. 190–200. New York: Routledge.

Wolfe, Cary. (2010). What is Posthumanism? Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

World Economic Forum. (2016). The Future of Jobs. Employment, Skills and Workforce Strategy for the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Recuperado a partir de http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Future_of_Jobs.pdf

Publicado

2018-03-23